NFPA 18A, published by the National Fire Protection Association, is the Standard on Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation. This standard provides comprehensive guidance on the classification, testing, listing, and use of water additives intended to improve the effectiveness of water in suppressing fires and controlling vapor releases from flammable liquids.
Water additives covered under NFPA 18A include wetting agents, foaming agents, and other chemical compounds designed to enhance fire suppression properties. These substances are used in a wide range of applications, including industrial, municipal, and wildland fire response scenarios.
One of the primary goals of NFPA 18A is to ensure that these additives meet specific performance and environmental safety criteria. Products are evaluated for their ability to reduce surface tension, improve water penetration, create foam blankets to suppress vapors, and extinguish Class A, B, and sometimes C fires. Additionally, the standard outlines testing procedures to assess their effectiveness, compatibility with firefighting equipment, and environmental impact, including biodegradability and toxicity.
Compliance with NFPA 18A helps fire departments and emergency responders select safe, effective additives and use them properly. Manufacturers benefit by having a recognized framework for certifying their products.
NFPA 18A is regularly updated to reflect advances in fire science, environmental standards, and real-world usage data. By adhering to its guidelines, agencies can ensure that water additives enhance firefighting capabilities without compromising safety or the environment.
